What is EZH2 protein?

The EZH2 gene provides instructions for making a type of enzyme called a histone methyltransferase. Histone methyltransferases modify proteins called histones, which are structural proteins that attach (bind) to DNA and give chromosomes their shape.

Where is EZH2 Gene located?

What does EZH2 stand for?

EZH2 (Enhancer Of Zeste 2 Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Subunit) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with EZH2 include Weaver Syndrome and Lymphoma. Among its related pathways are Activated PKN1 stimulates transcription of AR (androgen receptor) regulated genes KLK2 and KLK3 and Mesodermal Commitment Pathway.

Does EZH2 bind DNA?

The KMT EZH2 functions as the catalytic component of the Polcomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) in transcriptional repression. In addition to the SET (Suvar3-9, Enhancer of zeste, Trithorax) domain (catalytic domain), both proteins harbor two SANT domains and a CXC domain that are implicated in DNA-binding.

What chromosome is EZH2 on?

The EZH2 gene is located on chromosome 7, starting from 148504464 and ends at 148581441 bp. This gene encodes a member of the Polycomb-group (PcG) family. PcG family members form multimeric protein complexes, which are involved in maintaining the transcriptional repressive state of genes.

Is EZH2 a tumor suppressor?

EZH2 downregulates expression of tumor suppressor genes and upregulates oncogenes, promoting cancer cell survival, proliferation, epithelial to mesenchymal and invasion. In particular, EZH2 has been also reported to be associated with drug resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapy.

What is Tazemetostat used for?

Tazemetostat is used to treat epithelioid sarcoma (a rare, slow-growing soft tissue cancer) in adults and children 16 years of age and older that has spread to nearby tissues or to other parts of the body and cannot be treated successfully with surgery.

Which cytosine is methylated by DNMT1?

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of methyl groups to specific CpG structures in DNA, a process called DNA methylation. In humans, it is encoded by the DNMT1 gene….

Is EZH2 a transcription factor?

Several reports have shown that EZH2 functions as a transcription activator. For example, EZH2 interacts with estrogen receptor (ER) α and β-catenin, and the complex regulates c-Myc and cyclin D1 expression in breast cancer cells [144].

What kind of genes are repressed by EZH2?

Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1, CDKN2A and retinoic acid target genes. EZH2 can also methylate non-histone proteins such as the transcription factor GATA4 and the nuclear receptor RORA.

Which is more abundant Ezh1 or EZH2?

Compared to EZH1-containing complexes, it is more abundant in embryonic stem cells and plays a major role in forming H3K27me3, which is required for embryonic stem cell identity and proper differentiation. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems.

Which is downstream of the pRB-E2F pathway?

“EZH2 is downstream of the pRB-E2F pathway, essential for proliferation and amplified in cancer.” Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, INDUCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. “Suz12 is essential for mouse development and for EZH2 histone methyltransferase activity.”